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英語說明文范文
相信大家都不可避免地會接觸到作文吧，特別是作為主要學習作文類別之一的說明文，說明文寫作的目的就是要告訴讀者某個事物或某個事物的某方面的知識。那么大家知道優(yōu)秀的說明文是怎么寫的嗎？以下是小編精心整理的英語說明文范文，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
英語說明文范文1
Write an expository essay on the problems man will be faced with in the new century.
In the new century, human beings will be filled with hope and live more advanced life. What used to be depicted in science fictions can be the reality of the near future. However, man will also have to confront with some problems that will curtail(剝奪)human beings of their existence.
First of all, pollution of all forms such as land pollution, noise pollution, air pollution and water pollution are worsening with each passing day. People complain all over the world that it is becoming harder to breathe and water is turning undrinkable. Also forests are being felled at a very fast rate. The pollutions are getting so terrible that in some countries we can’t find clean and clear rivers and white clouds in the sky! When the children draw a picture of their surroundings, they paint the green trees in gray, the red sun in gray, everything in gray, and they can’t find a pure environment except in the books.
Additionally, the explosion of population in some parts of the world is manifesting its terrible results. Human beings wil1 have outgrown the earth’s resources, and people will run a high risk of starvation and diseases resulting from overcrowding. In due course, man would be forced out of the earth if the present trend were not reversed.
What is more, in the past century we had many disastrous wars. But there is still potential that the atomic bomb will be used by some politicians in order to keep regional hegemony. If it should happen, the exp1osion could easily lead to the destruction of civilization.
More seriously, the depersonalization of human relationships and the weakening of spiritual values are aggravating due to the stress caused by the busy schedules and the extreme pursuit of money. This will further contribute to man’s isolation and loneliness.
Apparently, with all these problems facing human beings, it seems to be overwhelmingly urgent to conquer them one by one because we have only one earth and it is our home. In the new century, we must try our best to heal the world and make it a better place for you, for me and for the children who will come to this world.
英語說明文范文2
Showing respect to parents is one of the Chinese traditional moral most of the students today are “the only child” in their family, they often regard themselves as the“centre”of the family, without caring much about their parents. Our school started a programme when the new year is “Respecting parents programme”. Ten“Do＇s”have been worked out for the students to follow clearly and easily, including:
“Remember your parents＇birthdays and express your best wishes to them; say”hello“to your parents when you see them returning home; and tell your parents where you go when you leave home.”
The programme has been successful, and has won praises from parents and other sides of the society. People say this is what we should have done earlier!
英語說明文范文3
It goes without saying that english plays an important role in our modern society. english is an international language. wherever you go, you can hear english spoken by many people.
From this point of view, it is true that english is important to our daily life. learning english is like learning to swim or learning to play ball. our primary trouble is that we have tackled the study of language from the wrong end. we are like theman who thinks he can learn to swim only by reading books about swimming. in actuality, we learn by doing. the grammatical rules are valuable as we plunge into the language and need some assistance. in the same way, advanced instructions about swimming are helpful as we learn something from actual experience in the water. but reading books never makes a swimmer and learning rules never makes a practical linguist. the regular procedure in learning english involves listening first, to be followed by speaking. then comes reading, and finally the writing of the language. the way you learn english is much the same as the way you learned your own language.
First of all you must listen and then repeat and repeat until you can use the language easily. in other words, you have to build up language habits in english just as you build up english habits in your own language. to sum up, we must bear in mind that nobody can learn to swim for you. nobody can learn to play ball for you. nobody can learn english for you. it's up to you. you must learn for yourself and you will learn if you really want to and are willing to practice.
英語說明文范文4
Huge population is one of the main problems in China. Since the 1970’s the Chinese government adopted a policy of family planning---- single-child policy---- as a basic state policy to solve this problem. Until now, this birth control policy is still implanted in our country and both positive and negative effects have been harvested.
With the adoption of the family planning policy, the rate of population growth has been successfully controlled. This has already brought about some satisfactory results in China. For one thing, people’s living standard has been greatly improved with our country becoming more and more prosperous, and our national economy developed steadily. Furthermore, with decreasing population, the problem of shortage of water in parts of China is solved gradually. In addition, with the low rate of birth, it goes with less energy consumption, which will benefit the overall development of our economy. Moreover, this policy has greatly reduced the financial burdens of the parents who have otherwise had more children, enabling them to focus their resources on the single child’s well-being and education.
However, the implementing of this policy also brings about some problems. First of all, as there is only one child in a family, the child becomes “l(fā)ittle emperor” or “l(fā)ittle empress” of the family, surrounded by parents and grandparents. The spoiled child can get whatever he likes and discards whatever he dislikes. This phenomenon is more popular in large cities will do great harm to the children themselves. They don’t cherish what they have got because they can easily get whatever they would like to. Worse still, in the future when they grow up, they might feel very difficult to adjust to the society or cope with the adversity. Some people also show great concern that when the single children get married, the couple have to take care of 4 old people.
While admitting that single-child policy does bring some negative effects on the single child, we must take it for granted that it has benefited and will continue to benefit the country. Therefore, we should carry it one and at the same time adopt some measures to avoid the adverse consequences the policy may produce.
英語說明文范文5
somethingyoumustknowthislibraryisandenglishlanguageteachingandlearninglibrary.ifyouwant
toborrowsomebooks,youmustfilloutalibraryapplicationformandputitin
theboxonthelibrariansdesk.becauseofthelargenumberofapplicationswe
receiveeachweek,youmustwaitoneweek.pleasebringyourstudentorworkcard
topickupyourlibrarycard.libraryapplicationformswhicharenotpickedup
within2monthswillbediscardedandyouwillhavetoreapply.
英語說明文范文6
論文關鍵詞： 大學英語專業(yè) 精讀課 說明文教學
論文摘 要： 根據(jù)《高等學校英語專業(yè)英語教學大綱》對精讀課教學的要求，以及英語說明文的語篇模式的描述，作者提出，在大學英語專業(yè)精讀課說明文教學實踐中，應該著重抓住文章的語篇模式、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點、寫作技巧及修辭手段五個方面。作者認為，只有不斷探索和創(chuàng)新，才能不斷提高大學英語專業(yè)精讀課說明文教學的水平。
一、引言
20xx年新頒布的《高等學校英語專業(yè)英語教學大綱》附錄I對基礎英語教學（即本文中精讀課教學）的要求是“培養(yǎng)和提高學生綜合運用英語的能力。本課程主要通過語言基礎訓練與篇章講解分析，使學生逐步提高語篇閱讀能力，了解英語各種文體的表達方式和特點”。而通過長期的大學英語專業(yè)精讀課教學的實踐，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多時候課堂教學還停留在字、詞、句的理解與運用上，而很少有人從宏觀上系統(tǒng)地把握文章的脈絡，包括文章的主題、結(jié)構(gòu)、作者創(chuàng)作的意向，以及不同體裁的表達方式、特點等，這樣帶來的結(jié)果往往是學生在語篇分析能力和綜合運用語言能力方面相對欠缺。根據(jù)《教學大綱》的要求，筆者在精讀課教學中引進了體裁的概念，從語篇分析的高度對說明文課文進行宏觀與微觀分析，在說明文教學上進行了一些探索，通過實踐，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)，這樣的教學方式在提高學生綜合運用英語的能力的同時，也提高了大學英語專業(yè)精讀課說明文教學的整體水平。
二、大學英語專業(yè)精讀課課文所涉及的體裁及說明文語篇模式 說明文是描述某一事物，事由或過程的文章。它用于說明客觀事物的特點和性能，或介紹某種操作程序，或解釋某種抽象概念，或闡明某種科學原理，或探究某些自然現(xiàn)象及社會現(xiàn)象等，完全是就事論事的描述，所以也稱事實性或技術性的描寫文。把握所說明的事物的特征和本質(zhì)是理解說明文的關鍵。詞典、論文、實驗報告、產(chǎn)品說明、廣告都屬于這類體裁。說明文是學生、科學家、專業(yè)人員常用的一種體裁。說明文按照邏輯推理的方法闡述事物的發(fā)展過程和展示事物的關系。
語篇模式就是語篇內(nèi)在的修辭結(jié)構(gòu)（rhetorical structure）。它與文章的體裁有著密不可分的關系，體裁結(jié)構(gòu)在語篇結(jié)構(gòu)層面上對語篇的形成具有制約作用，那么語篇的組織模式必然也要受到體裁的制約（Yang Xuemei，20xx）。
說明文語篇模式宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)上常采用“問題—解決型”、“一般—特殊型”、“匹配比較型”語篇分析模式。第一種思維模式的程序是：首先說明情況，然后出現(xiàn)問題，隨后作出反應，采取的反應可能解決了問題，也可能沒有或沒有完全解決問題，最后對此作出相應的評價。而第二種思維模式則通常表現(xiàn)為兩種形式：一種是先概括后舉例，另一種是先講整體輪廓，后說諸多細節(jié)。第三種思維模式通常是以英語為母語的民族用來比較兩個事物的相同之處或?qū)Ρ炔煌幩褂玫囊环N思維模式，這種語篇模式常用來比較事物異同。比較事物相似之處稱為“匹配相容”（matching compatibility），比較事物差異則稱為“匹配對比”（matching contrast）。人們常用這種思維模式來比較兩個事物的相同之處和不同之處，先提出論點，再進行論證。這種語篇形式一般存在于較長的語篇中，常與一般特殊型組成復雜的思維模式。其表現(xiàn)形式為：重復法、詞匯關聯(lián)法和排比法三種（Yang Xuemei，20xx）。
根據(jù)說明文的定義及說明文的語篇分析模式，在課堂教學實踐中，教師應注意說明文的三個方面。
1.語篇模式
在《現(xiàn)代大學英語》教材1—3冊已學過的文章中有三篇說明文文章，涉及“一般—特殊型”和“問題—解決型”兩種語篇模式。
2.組織結(jié)構(gòu)
說明文一般包括三部分：引言、正文和結(jié)論。
3.寫作目的
說明文的寫作目的是解釋說明客觀事物的特點和性能，例如：介紹某種操作程序，解釋某種抽象概念，闡明某種科學原理，或探究某些自然現(xiàn)象及社會現(xiàn)象，等等，其寫作目的決定了說明文的語言特點、寫作手法及修辭手段的使用。
根據(jù)以上說明文的定義及說明文語篇模式的分析、說明文教學的描述及《高等學校英語專業(yè)英語教學大綱》對精讀課教學的要求，筆者認為，在大學英語專業(yè)精讀課說明文教學實踐中，應該著重抓住以下幾個方面：說明文的語篇模式、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點、寫作技巧及修辭手段。下面筆者根據(jù)大學專業(yè)英語精讀課教材《現(xiàn)代大學英語》中出現(xiàn)的說明文體裁語篇模式，針對以上幾個方面的內(nèi)容作進一步的分析和探討。
三、大學英語專業(yè)精讀課說明文教學
1.說明文的語篇分析模式和組織結(jié)構(gòu)
不管說明文文章屬于哪種語篇模式，一般包括三部分：引言：作者闡明要說明的問題；正文：呈現(xiàn)證據(jù)來支持其觀點；結(jié)論：重申觀點或得出結(jié)論。
例如：第二冊第九課“Quick Fix Society”和第三冊第一課“Your College Years”屬于“一般—例證型”（Generalization—exmaple）體裁結(jié)構(gòu)，這種體裁結(jié)構(gòu)模式符合中國學生的思維模式，學生掌握和操作起來比較容易。其特點是先把要表達的思想概括成段落的主題句或全文的立證句，然后舉例說明或交代細節(jié)。
在“Quick Fix Society”中，作者通過作者夫婦真實的一次度假來回路程上的經(jīng)歷，對比走高速公路去西弗吉尼亞和回來時穿越鄉(xiāng)村走完全不同的路線而帶來的完全不同的感受，從而作者開始思考這樣的問題：美國已經(jīng)在社會的很多方面成為一個追求快節(jié)奏的國家，這是文章的主題句。然后作者進一步從三個具體方面詳細地闡述這種現(xiàn)象：“不等以后，只爭現(xiàn)在”，“不要緩慢，只求更快”，“不求透徹，只重表面”。最后作者向美國的同胞發(fā)出號召，讓大家放慢腳步去充分品味大自然和人類所創(chuàng)造的美好事物，讓人們重新發(fā)現(xiàn)生活（茅風華、孫曄，20xx）。
第二冊第十五課“The Ridle of Time”屬于問題—解決分析模式（簡稱PS模式），它是一種已被普遍討論和采用的語篇分析模式。 "
作者先介紹了不同科學家對時間所下的不同定義，然后回顧了人類歷史上不同時期人們所創(chuàng)造的不同計時方式，并對人體生物鐘這一現(xiàn)象進行了探討。最后，作者以時間的不可逆轉(zhuǎn)性及計時工具在現(xiàn)代社會中的重要性結(jié)束全文（茅風華、孫曄，20xx）。
2.語言特點
在說明文體裁教學中，教師除了向?qū)W生講解文章的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)外，還必須引導他們分析文章的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握說明文的語言特點。說明文的語言特點用為詞用句準確、簡潔，言簡意賅，層次清楚。為了引起讀者的興趣，作者也經(jīng)常使用適當?shù)男揶o手段使文章生動有趣。
例如：“The Ridle of Time”是一篇科普文章，本文語言上一個突出的特點就是通俗易懂：在措辭上，除了個別專業(yè)術語外，文章沒有什么晦澀生僻的`大詞難詞，而是常用詞；在句式上，也是簡潔明了，而不像法律或?qū)I(yè)科技文體那樣句子冗長復雜（茅風華、孫曄，20xx）。
3.寫作手法
說明事物的方法很多，具體主要有定義法、分類法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。
例如：在“Quick Fix Society”中，作者使用了對比法（comparison and contrast）和舉例法（illustation）。在“The Ridle of Time”中，作者使用了定義法（definition）：文章一開始作者提出了問題“What is time?”，然后作者列舉了不同科學家對時間所下的不同定義。
4.修辭手段
為使文章更加形象生動、簡單明了和富有說服力，作者經(jīng)常使用各種修辭手段。說明文中經(jīng)常使用的修辭手段有：修辭問句、重復、排比、對比等。
例如：在“Your College Years”中，作者在文章開始使用了三個修辭問句來引出所討論的話題。排比修辭中包含了詞語、詞組、句子及從句的排列使用。另外，作者還使用了對照（antithesis）、轉(zhuǎn)喻（metonymy）、對比（contrst）等。
通過以上對說明文的分析，為學生理清了此類語篇脈絡，總結(jié)出了說明文的結(jié)構(gòu)模式及語言特點、所使用的修辭手段和寫作技巧。
四、大學英語專業(yè)精讀課散文教學教學效果評述
筆者認為，嘗試說明文體裁教學會產(chǎn)生以下教學效果。
第一，培養(yǎng)了學生的體裁意識，增強了他們對說明文體裁的分析和理解能力。
第二，提高了學生對說明文的閱讀能力。通過說明文范文的閱讀，學生能總結(jié)出說明文體裁的內(nèi)容圖式和結(jié)構(gòu)圖式，這樣在以后的閱讀中，學生會運用頭腦里已經(jīng)形成的圖式結(jié)構(gòu)對此類體裁的語篇進行對比分析，從而掌握它們的體裁結(jié)構(gòu)和語言特征。通過這種方式，可以不斷提高學生的閱讀自信心和閱讀興趣，從而有效地提高他們的閱讀能力。
第三，在說明文教學過程中，教師通過層層分析，使學生學習和掌握了說明文類型文章的模式，增強了學生的寫作能力。當學生寫作時，已經(jīng)掌握的語篇模式會給他們提供了參考和借鑒。有了這種模式，學生大腦里就有一個非常清晰的邏輯順序。他們能夠恰當?shù)剡\用語篇架構(gòu)，把內(nèi)容組織得有條有理，使整篇文章讀起來非常順暢，寫出的英語文章就非常地道。
第四，說明文教學不僅提高了學生對說明文的閱讀鑒賞能力和寫作能力，而且有助于培養(yǎng)他們對其他體裁作品的閱讀、欣賞和評論的能力。
第五，說明文體裁教學還改變了學生的傳統(tǒng)角色。學生的學習由被動接受變?yōu)橹鲃犹饺『螅梢蕴岣咚麄兊膶W習積極性，鍛煉他們自主學習的能力。
五、結(jié)語
在大學英語專業(yè)精讀課英語說明文教學中，筆者認為，教師從說明文的語篇分析模式入手，幫助學生理清說明文的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)，然后總結(jié)出說明文的結(jié)構(gòu)模式及語言特點、所使用的修辭手段和寫作技巧。這樣，既培養(yǎng)了學生的體裁意識，增強了他們對說明文體裁的分析和理解能力，又提高了學生對說明文的閱讀能力。
參考文獻： ［2］胡倩.“體裁教學法”與大學英語閱讀教學［J］.蘇州鐵道師范學院學報，20xx，（1）：113-116.
�。�3］茅風華，孫曄.現(xiàn)代大學英語（精讀2課文輔導）［M］.北京：世圖音像電子出版，20xx：242，413-414.
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